RISK FACTORS FOR MEASLES IN CHILDREN ADMITTED IN CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL LAHORE

Abstract

Objective: To identify and analyze the risk factors associated with measles in children aged 9 months to 5 years, focusing on vaccination status, environmental conditions, and nutritional factors. Methods: A total of 140 children were included, with 70 cases (children with measles) and 70 controls (children without measles). Data on demographic, socioeconomic, and risk factors, such as vaccination status, age, malnutrition, overcrowding, ventilation, family size, and contact with measles-infected individuals, were 
collected. Statistical analysis, including odds ratios and stratified analysis, was performed to determine associations. Results: Significant risk factors associated with measles included unvaccinated status (OR = 6.0, p < 0.001), age under 5 years (OR = 4.1, p = 
0.002), malnutrition (OR = 3.0, p = 0.008), overcrowding (OR = 4.3, p = 0.001), poor house ventilation (OR = 4.9, p < 0.001), large family size (OR = 2.8, p = 0.005), and contact with a measles-infected individual (OR = 13.3, p < 0.001).

Conclusion: Unvaccinated status, contact with infected individuals, overcrowding, and poor nutritional status are significant risk factors for measles in children. Public health interventions focusing on vaccination, improved living conditions, and nutritional support are essential for reducing measles incidence and improving child health outcomes.